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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
FEATURES
Linearly decreasing PWM frequency Green-mode under light-load and zero-load conditions Constant voltage (CV) and constant current (CC) No secondary feedback Low start-up current (8A) Low operating current (3.6mA) Leading-edge blanking Constant power limit Universal AC input range Synchronized slope compensation 140C OTP sensor with hysteresis VDD over-voltage clamping Cycle-by-cycle current limiting Under-voltage lockout (UVLO) Fixed PWM frequency with hopping Gate output maximum voltage clamped at 17V Small SOT-26 package
DESCRIPTION
This highly integrated PWM controller provides several features to enhance the performance of low-power flyback converters. To minimize standby power consumption, the proprietary green-mode function provides off-time modulation to linearly decrease the switching frequency under light-load and zero-load conditions. This green-mode function enables the power supply to meet international power conservation requirements. The supply voltage, VDD, is also used for feedback compensation, to regulate the output voltage without requiring a conventional TL431 and a photo-coupler. The typical start-up current is only 8A, while the typical operating current can be as low as 3.6mA. A large start-up resistance could be used to achieve even higher power conversion efficiency. SGP400 integrates a frequency hopping function, which helps reduce EMI emission of a power supply with minimum line filters. Built-in synchronized slope compensation maintains the stability of peak current-mode control. Proprietary internal compensation ensures constant output power limiting over a universal range of AC input voltages, from 90VAC to 264VAC. Pulse-by-pulse current limiting ensures a constant output current, even if a short-circuit occurs. Also, the internal protection circuit disables PWM output if VDD exceeds 22.7V. The gate output is clamped at 16.7V to protect the power MOS from over-voltage damage. The built-in over temperature protection (OTP) function shuts down the controller at 140C with a 30C hysteresis. The SGP400, designed to provide a low-cost total solution for flyback converters, is available in a small footprint, 6-pin, SOT-26 package.
APPLICATIONS
Low-power flyback power converters, such as: Battery chargers for cellular phones, cordless phones, PDAs, digital cameras, and power tools Power adapters for ink jet printers, video game consoles, and portable audio players Open-frame SMPS for TV/DVD standby and other auxiliary supplies, home appliances, consumer electronics, and PC 5V standby-power Replacements for linear transformers and RCC SMPS
TYPICAL APPLICATION
V IN
R IN D1 W AUX
DO CO VO
VDD G ATE
Q1
C IN
SE N SE GN D
RS
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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www.sg.com.tw * www.fairchildsemi.com September 24, 2007
Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
MARKING INFORMATION
XXX: AAK=SGP400; : Lead Free M: Mask Version W: Week code A~Z=W1~W26 A~Z=W27~W52
PIN CONFIGURATION
SOT-26 GND FB N.C. GATE VDD SENSE
XXXMW
SGP400DP
XXXXXXXXYWWV
D: D=DIP P: Z=Lead free Null=Regular package XXXXXXXX: Wafer Lot Y: Year WW: Week V: Assembly Location
DIP-8 GATE VDD N.C. SENSE GND FB N.C. N.C.
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part Number
SGP400TZ SGP400DZ
PWM Frequency
65KHz 65KHz
Pb-Free
Package
6-Pin SOT-26 8-Pin DIP-8
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
Name
GATE VDD NC SENSE NC NC FB GND
Pin No. DIP-8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
SOT-26
6 5 NA 4 3 NA 2 1
Type
Function
Driver Output The totem-pole output driver to drive the power MOSFET. Supply Power supply. NC pin. Current sense. It senses the voltage across a sensed resistor. To provide over-current Analog Input protection, PWM output is disabled if the voltage exceeds an internal threshold. This pin also provides current information for current-mode control. NC pin. NC pin. Feedback. The FB pin provides feedback information to the internal PWM comparator. Analog Input This feedback is used to control the duty cycle. When no feedback is provided, this pin is left open. Supply Ground.
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
BLOCK DIAGRAM
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol
VVDD VFB VSENSE PD RJA RJC TJ TSTG TL ESD
Parameter
DC Supply Voltage* FB Pin Input Voltage Sense Pin Input Voltage Power Dissipation (TA=85C) Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Air)** Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Case)** Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Wave Soldering or Infrared, 10 Seconds) Electrostatic Discharge Capability, Human Body Model Electrostatic Discharge Capability, Machine Model
Value
30 -0.3 to 7.0 -0.3 to 7 SOT-26 DIP-8 SOT-26 DIP-8 SOT-26 DIP-8 -40 to +125 -55 to +150 260 4.0 200 247 478 263.3 135.7 119.6 67.1
Unit
V V V mW C/W C/W C C C KV V
* All voltage values, except differential voltages, are given with respect to the network ground terminal. * Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. ** Thermal resistance *JA test board size: SOT 18x12x1.6mm/FR4; DIP 40x35x1.6mm/FR4.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Symbol
VDD TA
Parameter
DC Supply Voltage Operating Ambient Temperature With Secondary Feedback Without Secondary Feedback
Value
<20 <22.7 -20 to +85
Unit
V V C
* For proper operation.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD=15V, TA=25C, unless noted) VDD Section
Symbol
VDD-ON VDD-OFF IDD-ST IDD-OP VDD-G OFF
Parameter
Turn-On Threshold Voltage Turn-Off Threshold Voltage Start-up Current Operating Supply Current VDD Low-threshold Voltage to Exit Green-off Mode
Test Condition
Min.
16 7.5
Typ.
17 8.0 8 3.6 VDD-OFF+ 1.2
Max.
18 8.5 20 4.6
Unit
V V A mA V
VDD=VDD-ON-0.1V VDD=15V, CL=1nF
Feedback Input Section
Symbol
AV VFB-OPEN ZFB VDD-FB
Parameter
Input-Voltage to Current-Sense Attenuation Open-Loop Voltage Input Impedance VDD Feedback Threshold Voltage*
Test Condition
Min.
4.5
Typ.
2/5
Max.
Unit
V/V V K
IFB=0.1mA to 0.2mA FB is Open IFB=0.4mA 20.7 18.4
2.4 22.7 20.4 24.7 22.4
V V
* The feedback input is pulled by a transistor controlled by the VDD signal while VDD VDDZ.
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
Current Sense Section
Symbol
tPD VSTHVA
Parameter
Propagation Delay
Test Condition
VDD=18V
Min.
Typ.
100 0.84 0.76 0.62 0.98 0.88 0.71
Max.
150
Unit
ns V V V V V V
Current Limiting Valley Threshold Voltage
VDD=15V VDD=10V VDD=18V
VSTHFL
Current Limiting Flat Threshold Voltage
VDD=15V VDD=10V
tLEB
Leading-Edge Blanking Time
210
310
410
ns
TON
VLIMIT Ramp
TOFF VSTHFL
VSTHVA
High-Line Sense Voltage Low-Line Sense Voltage
0V T1 T2
Oscillator Section
Symbol
FOSC tHOP FOSC-G VFB-N VFB-G SG FDV FDT
Parameter
Frequency Hopping Period Green-Mode Frequency Green-Mode Entry FB Voltage Green-Mode Ending FB Voltage Green-Mode Modulation Slope Frequency Variation vs. VDD Deviation Frequency Variation vs. Temperature Deviation Center Frequency Hopping Range
Test Condition
Min.
62 4.1 4.1 19.5 2.4 40
Typ.
65 4.6 4.0 22.0 2.6 VFB-N-0.7 70 1.5
Max.
68 5.1 5.1 24.5 2.8 100 2 5.0
Unit
KHz ms KHz V V Hz/mV % %
VDD=10 to 20V TA=-20 to 85C
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
Output Section
Symbol
DCYMAX VGATE-L VGATE-H tr tf VGATE-CLAMP
Parameter
Maximum Duty Cycle GATE Low Voltage GATE High Voltage GATE Rising Time GATE Falling Time GATE Output Clamping Voltage
Test Condition
VDD=15V, IO=10mA VDD=15V, IO=-10mA VDD=15V, CL=1nF VDD=15V, CL=1nF VDD=20V
Min.
70 8 150 70 16
Typ.
75
Max.
80 1.5
Unit
% V V ns ns V
200 90 17
250 110 18
Over-Temperature Protection (OTP)
Symbol
Temp-OTP Temp-Restart
Parameter
Protection Junction Temperature* Restart Junction Temperature**
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
140 110
Max.
Unit
C C
* When activated, the output is disabled and the latch is turned off. ** The threshold temperature for enabling the output and resetting the latch after over-temperature protection has been activated.
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Turn-On Threashold Voltage (VDD-ON) vs Temperature
18.0
Turn-off Threshold Voltage (VDD-OFF) vs Temperature
8.5 8.3
17.5
VDD-OFF (V)
VDD-ON (V)
8.1 7.9 7.7 7.5
17.0
16.5
16.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
-40
-25
-10
5
20
35
50
65
80
95
110
125
Temperature ()
Temperature ( )
Startup Current (IDD-ST) vs VDD
20 18 16 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 0 11 12 13 4 14 5
Operating Supply Current (IDD-OP) vs VDD
IDD-OP (mA)
IDD-ST (uA)
3 2 1
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
VDD
VDD
Startup Current (IDD-ST) vs Temperature
20
3.5 3.0
Operating Supply Current (IDD-OP) vs Temperature
15
IDD-OP (mA)
IDD-ST (uA)
2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0
10
5
0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
-40
-25
-10
5
20
35
50
65
80
95
110
125
Temperature ( )
Temperature ()
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
Frequency (FOSC) vs Temperature
68
80 78
Maximum Duty Cycle (DCYMAN) vs Temperature
66
FOSC (KHz)
DCYMAN (%)
76 74 72 70
64
62
60 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
-40
-25
-10
5
20
35
50
65
80
95
110
125
Temperature ( )
Temperature ()
FB Pin Input Voltage (VFB) vs Temperature
5.4
150 130 110 90 70 50
Propagation Delay (tPD) vs Temperature
5.2
5.0
4.8
4.6 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
tPD (ns)
VFB (V)
-40
-25
-10
5
20
35
50
65
80
95
110
125
Temperature ()
Temperature ()
1.0 0.8
Current Limiting Valley Threshold Voltage (VSTHVA) vs Temperature
VDD=18V VDD=15V
VSTHVA (V)
0.6
VDD=10V
0.4 0.2 0.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature ()
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
OPERATION DESCRIPTION
SGP400 devices integrate many useful functions for low-power switch-mode power supplies. The following descriptions highlight key features of the SGP400.
Over-Temperature Protection (OTP)
The SGP400 has a built-in temperature sensing circuit to shut down PWM output if the junction temperature exceeds 140C. While PWM output is shut down, the VDD voltage gradually drops to the UVLO voltage. Some of the internal circuits are shut down and VDD gradually starts increasing again. When VDD reaches 17V, all the internal circuits, including the temperature sensing circuit, start operating normally. If the junction temperature is still higher than 140C, the PWM controller shuts down immediately. This situation continues until the temperature drops below 110C. The PWM output is then turned back on. The temperature hysteresis window for the OTP circuit is 30C.
Start-up Current
The required start-up current is only 8A, which allows a high-resistance, low-wattage start-up resistor to be used to supply the controller's start-up power. A 1.5M/0.25W start-up resistor can be used over a wide input range (100V-240V AC) with very little power loss.
Operating Current
The operating current is normally 3.6mA. The low operating current results in higher efficiency and reduces the required VDD hold-up capacitance. A 10F/25V VDD hold-up capacitor can be used over a wide input range (100V-240V AC) with very little power loss.
VDD Over-Voltage Clamping
VDD over-voltage clamping is built-in to prevent damage from over-voltage conditions. When VDD exceeds 22.7V, PWM output is shut down. Over-voltage conditions may be caused by an open photo-coupler loop or a short-circuit in the output.
Green-Mode Operation
The proprietary green-mode function provides off-time modulation to linearly decrease the switching frequency under light-load and zero-load conditions. The on-time is limited to provide better protection against brownouts and other abnormal conditions. This green-mode function dramatically reduces power consumption under light-load and zero-load conditions. Power supplies using the SGP400 can easily meet international restrictions regarding standby power consumption.
Oscillator Operation
The oscillation frequency is fixed at 65KHz.
Leading-Edge Blanking
Each time the power MOSFET switches on, a spike occurs at the sense resistor. To avoid premature termination of the switching pulse, a 310ns leading-edge blanking time is built in. Conventional RC filtering is not necessary. During the blanking period, the current-limit comparator is disabled and cannot switch off the gate drive.
Constant Voltage (CV), Constant Current (CC) without Feedback
The SGP400 can tightly regulate the output voltage and provide over-current protection without requiring secondary-side feedback signals. For improved CV and CC accuracy, the transformer leakage inductance should be reduced as much as possible.
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
Constant Output Power Limit
When the SENSE voltage across the sense resistor, RS, reaches the threshold voltage (around 1.0V), the output GATE drive is turned off after a small propagation delay tPD. This propagation delay introduces additional current, proportional to tPD*VIN/LP. The propagation delay is nearly constant, regardless of the input line voltage VIN. Higher input line voltages result in larger additional currents. Under high input-line voltages, the output power limit is higher than under low input-line voltages. Over a wide range of AC input voltages, the variation can be significant. To compensate for this, the threshold voltage is adjusted by adding a positive ramp (VLIMIT_RAMP). This ramp signal can vary from 0.77V to 1.05V and it flattens out at 1.05V. A smaller threshold voltage forces the output GATE drive to terminate earlier, reducing total PWM turn-on time and making the output power equal to that of the low line input. This proprietary internal compensation feature ensures a constant output power limit over a wide range of AC input voltages (90VAC to 264VAC).
Gate Output
The BiCMOS output stage is a fast totem pole gate driver. Cross-conduction has been avoided to minimize heat dissipation, increase efficiency, and enhance reliability. The output driver is clamped by an internal 17V Zener diode to protect the power MOSFET transistors against any harmful over-voltage gate signals.
Slope Compensation
The sensed voltage across the current sense resistor is used for current-mode control and pulse-by-pulse current limiting. The built-in slope compensation function improves power supply stability and prevents sub-harmonic oscillations that normally would occur because of peak current mode control. A positively sloped, synchronized ramp is activated with every switching cycle. The slope of the ramp is:
0.33 x Duty Duty(max)
(1)
Noise Immunity
Noise from the current sense or the control signal may cause significant pulse-width jitter, particularly in continuous-conduction mode. Slope compensation helps alleviate this problem. Good placement and layout practices should be followed. Avoid long PCB traces and component leads. Compensation and filter components should be located near the SGP400. Finally, increasing the power-MOS gate resistance is advised.
Under-voltage Lockout (UVLO)
The turn-on/turn-off thresholds are fixed internally at 17V/8V. To enable the SGP400 during start-up, the hold-up capacitor must first be charged to 17V through the start-up resistor. The hold-up capacitor continues to supply VDD before energy can be delivered from the auxiliary winding of the main transformer. VDD must not drop below 8V during this start-up process. This UVLO hysteresis window ensures that the hold-up capacitor can adequately supply VDD during start-up.
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
REFERENCE CIRCUIT 3W Flyback 5V/0.6A Circuit, without Secondary-Side Feedback
L
F1 CX1
21
L1
2
BD1
+4
1
C1
+
R1 C2
1
C3 R5
R3 R4
10 9
T1
1,2
D4
2 1 1
L2
2
3
N
VO
R2
D1
22
R10
8 5
C7 C8
+
1
1 2 3
U4 GND FB NC GATE VDD SENSE
6 5 4
R7
D5
2
+
C9
1 3
Q1
7 3,4
GND
SG6849 SGP400
R6
R8
+
D2
1 2
CY1 C4
BOM
Symbol
BD1 CX1 CY1 C1 C2 C3 C4 C7 C8 C9 D1 D2 D4 D5 (Option) (Option) (Option) (Option)
Component
YC 472pF/400V (Y1) YC 102pF/400V (Y1) CC 0.01F/500V EC 10F/400V 105C CC 1000pF/500V EC 10F/50V CC 102pF/100V 1206 EC 470F/10V 105C EC 220F/10V 105C Diode FRI07 Diode FR102 Diode SB360 ZD 6.8V/0.5W
Symbol
F1 L1 L2 Q1 R1,R2 R3,R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R10 T1 U4 (Option)
Component
R 1/0.5W Inductor 20mH 6*8mm Inductor 10H 6mm MOSFET 1A/600V R 750k/1206 R 47k/1206 R 47/1206 R 4.7/0.5W R 100/0805 R 10/1206 R 10/1206 Transformer EE-16 IC SGP400 (Green PWM IC)
(Reference only) BD DI106 1A/600V
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
3W Flyback 5V/0.6A Circuit, with Secondary-Side Feedback
L
F1 1 1 BD1 C3 + 2+4 C1 + C2 R5 R4 10 1 9 8 5 Q1 1 3 2 1 R10 C7 + C8 T1 1,2 2 D4 1 1 L2 2 R3 L1 2
N
R1 3
Vo
D1 22
D5
+ C9
R7
7 R6 U1 SG6849 1 2 3 C6 GND FB NC GATE VDD SENSE 6 5 4 + C4 R2 R8 D2
3,4
GND
1
2
SGP400
U2 4 3 1
R11
R13 R14
2 3 C10 CY1 U3 1 R12 2
BOM
Symbol
BD1 CY1 C1 C2 C3 C4 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 D1 D2 D4 D5 F1 L1
Component
(Option) YC 102p/400V CC 0.01F/500V EC 10F/400V 105C CC 1000p/500V EC 10/50V CC 472p/0805 CC 102p/100V 1206 EC 470/10V 105C EC 470/10V 105C CC 222p/0805 Diode FR107 Diode FR102 Diode SB360 (Option) ZD 6.8V/0.5W R 1/0.5W Resistor Inductor 20mH 6*8mm
Symbol
L2 Q1 R1,R2 R4,R3 R5 R6 R7 R10 R8 R11 R12 R13 R14 T1 U1 U2 U3
Component
Inductor 10H 6mm MOSFET 1A/600V R 750k/1206 R 47k/1206 R 47/1206 R 4.7/0.5W R 100/0805 R 10/1206 R 10/1206 R 100/ 1/8W R 33k/0805 R 33k/ 1/8W R 4.7k/0805 Transformer EE-16 IC SGP400 (Green PWM IC) IC PC817 IC TL431
(Reference only) BD DI106 1A/600V
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
PACKAGE INFORMATION 6 PINS-SOT (T)
D b 6 4 Detail A
E1
E
1 e1
e3
c
1
R
A2
A
L A1 L1
1 Detail A
Dimensions:
Symbol
A A1 A2 b c D E E1 e e1 L L1 L2 R R1 1
Millimeters Min. Typ. Max.
1.45 0.15 1.30 0.50 0.22
Inches Min. Typ. Max.
0.057 0.006 0.051 0.020 0.009
0.90 0.30 0.08
1.15
0.036 0.011 0.003
0.045
0.30
2.90 2.80 1.60 0.95 1.90 0.45 0.60 0.25
0.60
0.020
0.114 0.110 0.063 0.037 0.075 0.018 0.024 0.010
0.10 0.10 0 5
4 10
0.25 8 15
0.004 0.004 0 5
4 10
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L2
R1

0.24
0.25 8 15
Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
8 PINS-DIP (D)
D
8 5
X
E1
E
eB
1
4
A1
A2
L b1 b e
Dimensions:
Symbol
A A1 A2 b b1 D E E1 e L eB
Millimeter Min.
0.381 3.175
A
Inch Typ. Max.
5.334 3.302 1.524 0.457 9.271 7.620 6.350 2.540 3.302 9.017 7 3.429 0.015 0.125 0.130 0.060 0.018 0.365 0.300 0.250 0.100 0.130 0.355 7
Min.
Typ.
Max.
0.210 0.135
9.017 6.223 2.921 8.509 0
10.160 6.477 3.810 9.525 15
0.355 0.245 0.115 0.335 0
0.400 0.255 0.150 0.375 15
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
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Product Specification Low-Power Green-Mode PWM Flyback Power Controller without Secondary Feedback
SGP400
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.0.1 (IAO33.0084.B0)
- 15 -
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